In GNU/Linux, you do not have to search for .exe files on sketchy websites. Instead, Linux uses centralised software repositories. These are like officially verified app stores where all software is checked, verified, and maintained.

And in this guide, I will show you the two most commonly used methods to easily install Apps and Software in Linux.

Method 1: Using Graphical Software Managers

Currently, by far the easiest way to install apps in GNU/Linux is by using a graphical software manager. Basically, it is an app store, similar to the Microsoft Store or Mac App Store. However, do not think that it is copied from Microsoft or Apple; in reality, it is the other way around.

Today, almost all popular Linux distributions come with a desktop environment, and most of them include a built-in app store where you can browse, search, install, update, or remove software using a simple point-and-click interface.

How to Install Apps Using GUI Software Managers

Step 1: Open the Software Manager

Hit the SUPER key (Windows key) on your keyboard, then search for the term “software”. Depending on your Desktop Environment, you will find one of the following software managers.

• In GNOME/Cinnamon: “Software Center”
• In KDE Plasma: “Discover”
• In Unity/Cosmic/Pantheon: “App Center”

So click whatever you see, according to your Desktop environment, and it will open the app store for you.

Step 2: Search for the App

When the app store opens up, click the search button and type the name of the app you want to install. For example, to install the popular VLC media player, search for “VLC”, and the result will list all the available options.

Step 3: Installation

Select the app from the listed results and click Install. The system will ask you to enter your password because Linux requires admin permission to install as well as uninstall software for security reasons. So enter it and wait for the installation to complete.

Once the installation is completed, you will find the newly installed software in the application menu.

How to Update Apps Using GUI Software Managers

When new updates are available for any installed app, they will appear in the “Updates“ or “Manage“ section of the Software Manager.

Just click Update All button to update all your installed software along with your system.

How to Uninstall Apps Using GUI Software Managers

Open the Software Manager, and search for the name of the application you want to remove or uninstall. Then select it, but this time, click the Uninstall or Remove button. Then enter your password, and within a few seconds, the app will vanish from your system.

Using Synaptic Package Manager (Alternative Method for Lightweight Desktop Environments)

Let’s say, for some reason, you are not using any popular Linux Desktop environment but a lightweight one, like XFCE, Mate, LXDE, or LXQT and that too over a Debian or Ubuntu based distro. Then, in that scenario, there is a high chance that you will not find a modern App Store. Rather, you will find something called “Synaptic Package Manager“. But don’t let the dated interface of Synaptic fool you; it is a very powerful and reliable software manager.

How to Install Apps Using Synaptic Package Manager

Step 1: Open Synaptic and Refresh the Software Repository

When you click on the Synaptic Logo, first, the system will ask you to enter your password. Once you do that, an info page will appear, which will give you all the basic information about what Synaptic Package Manager is and how to use it properly. Once you are done reading, close it.

Next when using synaptic, first thing you must always do is hit the Reload button, doing this will make sure that you always get all the updated software and packages.

Step 2: Search for the App

Click the Search button on the top right corner and type the name of the app or software you want to install. Let’s take GIMP as an example and hit enter. The results will list multiple options, so find your preferred app from the list.

Step 3: Installation

After you have found your preferred app, Right-click on it and select Mark for Installation. A new summary screen will show you all the dependencies that will be installed along with the app, so click Mark to select them all. Then hit the Apply button on the top and then Apply again. And once the installation is done, a “Changes Applied” dialogue box will appear on screen as a confirmation.

How to Update Apps Using Synaptic Package Manager

First refresh the repository by clicking the Reload button, then click Mark All Upgrades, which will automatically select all the apps, software and packages that needs to be updated. Then click the Apply and the Apply again. Eventually, this will update all your installed software along with your whole system.

How to Uninstall Apps Using Synaptic Package Manager

Open the Synaptic Package Manager, and search for the name of the application you want to uninstall, then select it from the list and right-click on it. Then select Mark for Complete Removal and then click Apply and Apply again. And within a few seconds, the app will be removed from your system.

Method 2: Using Terminal Commands And Native Package Managers

If using a Graphical Software Manager is the easiest way, then using the Command Line Interface with Native Package Managers is the most efficient way to install apps and software in Linux.

What Are Native Package Managers?

Every Linux distribution comes with a terminal emulator as well as a Native Package Manager, which are specialised software tools that are built into the Linux distribution to automate the installation, configuration, and removal of software and other packages. Even the aforementioned Graphical App Stores use a Native Package Manager in the background.

And as the name suggests, native package managers handle packages that are native to a particular Linux distribution. For example:

• APT (Advanced Package Tool) and DPKG (Debian Package) are native to only Debian and Ubuntu based distros.
• DNF (Dandified YUM) and RPM (Red-Hat Package Manager) are native to Fedora and Red Hat based distros.
• Arch based distros use Pacman (Package Manager).

These are not the only ones, but more than 90% of Linux distros use one of these package managers.

Why Use the Command Line Interface (Terminal)?

Many new Linux users get nervous about using the terminal, but actually, it is very simple and much faster than clicking through menus. Plus, a terminal will always be available in a Linux Distro, even if you do not have a Graphical App Store to install apps.

How to Install Apps Using the Terminal Commands

Step 1: Open a Terminal

Hit the SUPER key and search for the term “terminal”. The naming scheme of terminal emulators might be different depending on the Desktop Environment you are using. Some simply call it “Terminal”, some call it “Console”, and some call it “Konsole” with a “K”, but no matter what they are called, all their logos look very similar: an angled bracket on a dark background.

Step 2: Identify Your Package Manager (If Unsure)

If you are aware of what Linux Distro or Package Manager you are using, then you can skip this step. But if you are unsure, then run this command:

command -v apt dnf pacman

This will show which package manager your Linux distro has. If you see /usr/bin/apt, then you are on Debian/Ubuntu. If you see /usr/bin/dnf, you are on Fedora/Red Hat. If you see /usr/bin/pacman, then you are on Arch.

Step 3: Installing Software via Terminal Commands

First things first, always update your system’s software database or repository before installing new software. This will make sure you always get the most up-to-date apps during installation. So, use these commands:

For Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt update

For Fedora/Red Hat:

sudo dnf check-update

For Arch:

sudo pacman -Sy

Once you enter the command in the terminal, it will ask you to enter your password, do it, and the software repository will be refreshed.

Then, to install a new Package or Software use these commands:

For Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt install {package-name}

For Fedora/Red Hat:

sudo dnf install {package-name}

For Arch:

sudo pacman -S {package-name}

Just change the {package-name} with the name of your software. For Example, to install Shotcut Video Editor, you can use this command:

For Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt install shotcut

For Fedora/Red Hat:

sudo dnf install shotcut

For Arch:

sudo pacman -S shotcut

Again, the terminal will ask you to enter your password, do it, and the software will be installed.

Updating Software via Terminal Commands

In GNU/Linux, you won’t have to update software separately. Instead, when you update the system, it takes care of the software update as well. So, to update your system, use these commands:

For Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

For Fedora/Red Hat:

sudo dnf update

For Arch:

sudo pacman -Syu

Uninstalling Software via Terminal Commands

To uninstall or remove software via terminal, use these commands:

For Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt remove {package-name}

For Fedora/Red Hat:

sudo dnf remove {package-name}

For Arch:

sudo pacman -R {package-name}

Just change the {package-name} with the name of your software and hit enter. The terminal will again ask you to enter your password, so do it, and the software will be removed from your system.

Conclusion

Installing apps and software on GNU/Linux might seem different at first, but it is actually much simpler and safer than you think. These two above-mentioned ways are two of the most common methods, but they are not the only ones.

You can install apps:

• Using Universal Package Managers like Flatpak, Snap and AppImage.
• Using Third Party Installers like .deb or .rpm packages.
• Using Distro Agnostic Package Managers like Nix or Guix.
• And by using Binaries as well as Compiling from source

However, for most new Linux users, graphical software managers and terminal commands with native package managers cover 99% of needs. Plus, they are very safe to use. Unlike Windows, where you download “.exe” files from random websites and hope they are safe, Linux uses verified software repositories, which are maintained by the distro developers. Every package is checked and verified. There is no chance of bloatware or malware. And unlike Windows, where you have to update every app individually, Linux updates everything centrally from the operating system to apps and drivers. In just one click.

But Unlike Mac or Windows, Linux doesn’t have a “one size fits all” version. Distros that suit others may not be the right option for you. Because there are literally hundreds of Linux distributions, each designed with a unique purpose. Some are beginner-friendly, like Linux Mint and Zorin OS. Others, such as Debian and Arch, are developed for power users who want complete control. Then there are distros for privacy, gaming, high performance, and other specialised use cases.

But there is a better way to simplify this chaotic distro search process, using a website called DistroWatch.com.

What Is DistroWatch?

DistroWatch is a popular website dedicated to the world of free and open source software and operating systems. Here, you can find a wealth of information, particularly on Linux distributions, flavours of BSD, and other open-source operating systems. Everything on this website is presented in an organised, consistent manner, and it is very easy to use.

How to Use the DistroWatch Search Tool

Step 1: Go to the Search Page

Visit DistroWatch.com and go to the “Search“ page using the link in the top-mid section of the page.

The DistroWatch Search page includes not one but two different types of search forms, which can be used to search for a particular distribution based on certain criteria. The first form uses drop-down menus and the second one uses check-boxes. These help to narrow down options based on your personal preferences, ensuring that you find the perfect Linux distro tailored to your needs.

At first sight, these two forms might look different, but they are totally the same. Both of these forms consist of 14 questions, covering topics such as the type of operating system, their categories, country of origin, desktop interface, release model and so on. You can use whichever you like, because the end result will be the same.

DistroWatch Search Walkthrough

Question No.1: Operating System Type

In total, there are five options: All, BSD, Linux, Solaris and Other OS.

If you are unsure about any question or answer, you can leave it as default, which in this case is “All”. But to fine-tune your search, you have to select an option. For most people, “Linux” is the right choice. But you can choose BSD, Solaris or even Other OS, if you want to try something entirely different.

Question No.2: Distribution Category

Here, you have to select what kind of Operating System you want. You can select from the likes of “Beginners”, “Education”, “Gaming”, “Privacy”, and so on. Or you can go with “Old Computer” if you want to run your Operating System on an old PC.

But if you are unsure, the best option you can select is “Desktop”, which will list all those Distros which are meant to be run on a Personal Computer. For beginners, I recommend selecting “Beginners”.

Question No.3: Country of Origin

The best option for this is to keep it as the default. This way, it will list all of the best distros from all around the world. But if you want to select a country, you can definitely do that. Just keep in mind that if you select a country from this list, the results will only show the distros developed in that specific country.

Question No.4: Based On

So what does this mean? Usually, what happens is that, in the world of free and open source operating systems, users and hobbyists fork or create a new operating system from the existing ones. Their reason could be anything; they might want to add some features, or want to change how it looks or functions. This is the main reason why there are so many distros in Linux.

So if you want to list all the best distros, keep it as the default. But you can fine-tune the result by selecting from the likes of “Arch”, “Debian”, “Fedora”, and so on. In that case, the result will list only those distributions which are based on the project you selected. Like Manjaro is based on “Arch”, Ubuntu is based on “Debian”, and Bazzite is based on “Fedora”.

For beginners, I recommend keeping it as “All” or selecting “Debian” because Debian-based distros have the most beginner resources available.

Question No.5: Not Based On

As the name suggests, this is the opposite of Question No.4. Meaning if you select any option from this list, distributions which are based on the project you selected will be removed from the results.

The best way to use Question No.5 is to combine it with Question No.4. For example, you can keep Question No.4 as the default, and in Question No.5, select one option, for example, “Gentoo”, which is considered as one of the hardest distros to use and maintain. So when the results are listed, it will remove all distros based on the Gentoo family.

But for most users, keeping this as “None” will be the best choice.

Question No.6: Desktop Interface

In my opinion, if you do not have any knowledge about the desktop interfaces used in Linux and BSD setups, then it is better to keep this as the default.

But if I have to suggest in short, I will tell you to go with Desktop Environments, because they are designed for beginners. And “GNOME”, “KDE”, “XFCE”, and “Cinnamon” are among the most commonly used Desktop Environments out there.

Question No.7: Architecture

Architecture, or in simple words, the CPU type. If you are using an Intel or an AMD CPU, like most computer users, then the simple answer is ”x86_64”. But if you are using something different like an ”ARM” system or a ”PowerPC”, then you have to select likewise.

Question No.8: Package Format

If you are looking for absolute beginner distros, then there are only three considerable options, which are “deb”, “flatpak”, and “snap”. Not because they are just easy to use, but because you will find plenty of troubleshooting guides related to them on the web as well.

But keeping it as the default works fine too.

Question No.9: Release Model

There are five options in total. The default one is “All”. After that, we have “Fixed”, selecting this option will list those distros, which regularly releases a new version of their distro, that too in a fixed schedule, like in 1 or 2 years. Then there is “Fixed (LTS)”, these distros too releases new version in a fixed schedule, but they are always based on Long Term Support Kernel. Next is “Semi-Rolling”; these distros focus on constantly updating their current version, instead of releasing a new version. You will receive updates every week or every 10 days. And with “Rolling” release distros, you will receive updates almost every day, but this also makes them prone to breaking.

Fixed releases are considered stable and safe for beginners. So in my opinion, selecting “Fixed” is the best option here. But if you like a little bit of adventure, you can go with ”Semi-Rolling”.

Question No.10, No.11, and No.12: Install Media Size, Installation Method and Multi-language Support

In my opinion, nowadays these questions are irrelevant. The size of an installation media doesn’t change the core ability of the installer. Modern USB drives are large and fast enough to fit and boot any installation media or ISO file easily and reliably.

The same goes for the installation method. With widespread fast internet and large USB drives, they usually don’t matter in the final outcome. Be it a local full installer or a net installer, all of them produce the same working system.

And today, every modern installer and desktop environment includes extensive multilingual support and missing languages can easily be installed later.

So all three of these can be left as the default.

Question No.13: Init Software

If you are unaware, init software is the first thing that starts in an operating system when you press the power button. It manages all the services and processes during boot. Then it sets the system state, handles shutdown, etc.

”systemd” is the most commonly used init software, and most modern Linux distros use it. But hardcore users hate it because they believe systemd does not follow the core Unix concept of modularity and minimalism, and it is highly centralised. Therefore, they prefer other popular options like ”runit”, and ”OpenRC”.

But if you are like me, who does not care about init software, or you are totally unaware of what init systems are, then the best choice will be to leave it as the default.

Question No.14: Status

There are three options here: “Active” means the Distros which are actively maintained, “Dormant” means these distros are not maintained properly, and they have not released a new version for more than two years and “Discontinued” means these distros are no longer being developed, and they are basically dead projects.

So here the obvious choice is “Active”. Because who will want to use a dormant or discontinued operating system and involve themselves in security risks?

Understanding The Results

After you complete the test form, hit the “Submit Query” button, and DistroWatch will narrow down the results below, based on your selections.

In my case, the search narrowed the results to just 13 options.

And if you look at these results, you will find distros like Linux Mint, Zorin OS, Ubuntu, Elementary OS, Tuxedo OS, Linux Lite, all of which are highly recommended as beginner-friendly Linux distros. Plus, all of them are based on the Debian family, meaning that if ever required, you will find help very easily.

And if you look carefully, you will see a number in parentheses next to each distro name. This indicates how popular a Linux distro is, according to DistroWatch.

What to Do Next

To know more about these distros, just click the name, and it will take you to the distribution’s information page. And these pages are treasure troves of information. Here you will find everything you need, from basic information, website link, community forum link, download page link, links to reviews done by independent reviewers, and whatnot.

So what are you waiting for? Go and check for yourself. And don’t just take the test, try at least 4 or 5 distros. I am sure you will find your best match.

Quick Recommendations for Beginners

If you are still overwhelmed after reading all this, here is what I recommend:

Use these settings:

• Operating System Type: Linux
• Distribution Category: Beginners
• Country of Origin: All
• Based On: All
• Not Based On: None
• Desktop Interface: All
• Architecture: x86_64
• Package Format: All
• Release Model: Fixed
• Install Media Size: All
• Installation Method: All
• Multi-language Support: All
• Init Software: All
• Status: Active

This will give you a solid list of beginner-friendly, stable, and well-supported distros that you can confidently try.

Conclusion

DistroWatch’s search tool turns an overwhelming decision into something manageable. Instead of randomly picking from hundreds of distros or relying on biased “Top 10” lists, you get results tailored to your needs.

The process is simple: answer 14 questions, get a curated list, research your top picks, test them in a virtual machine or with a Live USB, and choose your favourite distro.

But the most important thing to note is Don’t treat this guide as a rigid rulebook. The recommendations I gave are meant for typical beginners, but your needs might be different. So play around. Try different combinations. Change a few filters and see what happens. The real purpose of this guide is not about following someone else’s settings; it’s about discovering what works for YOU. So experiment, explore, and curate your own list.

And if you want even more beginner-friendly options for finding your perfect distro, check out my previous guide on How to Find Your Perfect Linux Distro Using Distrochooser and Librehunt. These tools take a slightly different approach; they use a quiz-style format for curated recommendations. Between DistroWatch, Distrochooser, and Librehunt, you will definitely find the right match.

So stop wasting time on endless Google searches. Use these tools and find the right distro from day one.

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However, after years of advocating for it, I have accepted an uncomfortable truth: No matter how much we, the GNU/Linux Community, try, people are still going to keep using Windows.

Not because Windows is better. But because being better does not actually matter when you are competing against human behaviour.

Let me explain why Windows will continue to dominate the desktop operating system market share even throughout and after 2026.

GNU/Linux Is Better (Let’s Establish That First)

Before we dive into why Windows keeps winning, let me be clear about something: Objectively, GNU/Linux is a better operating system in almost every technical aspect. GNU/Linux is Free and open source, it is more secure and private, it is fully customisable, it feels much faster and lighter on resources, and it can run smoothly even on 15-year-old hardware. Besides that, modern GNU/Linux distributions like Linux Mint and Zorin OS are just as easy to use as Windows 10 or 11. The “Linux is hard” stereotype had already died around 2015, but nobody noticed because they never tried it.

So if GNU/Linux is so much superior, why does Windows keep winning? The Simple answer is -

Technical superiority has never been enough. Human behaviour decides who wins.

1. Windows Comes Pre-Installed (The Game Is Rigged From The Start)

Let’s start with the elephant in the room, Windows comes pre-installed on 95% of computers sold Worldwide.

When someone walks into a store and buys a laptop, it has Windows on it. Meaning the user did not choose Windows; it’s already there, chosen for them. And for the average person, “what’s already there” is good enough.

And then switching to GNU/Linux means:

• Backing up all your data
• Creating a bootable USB drive
• Installing a new OS
• Reconfiguring settings
• Reinstalling software

Even though this may just take 1 to 2 hours, it is still 1 to 2 hours of effort, which most computer users will never invest. And this is Human Nature. People won’t pursue excellence if it requires even minimal work. They will tolerate mediocrity if they can settle it with zero effort.

2. Familiarity Beats Quality Every Single Time

Windows, as an Operating System, has a history of being very easy to use out of the box. Windows XP, Windows 7, and Windows 10, in particular, have cemented that legacy.

But more importantly, everyone has used Windows. Even if someone does not own a Personal Computer, there is a high probability that they have used Windows-based computers in their schools, universities, or workplaces. So when the time comes to choose an Operating System for themselves, Windows becomes the obvious choice, not because it’s better, but because it is familiar.

3. Proprietary Hardware and Software Lock-In (The Real Trap)

We do not think about this much, but in general, we as computer users use our apps and programs way more than we ever use our operating system. And when it comes to app and software support, Microsoft Windows is still the king.

Additionally, not everyone uses their PC to just watch movies. Computers are workstations. People use them to run businesses, for creative work, video meetings, and so on. And as Windows was a business-centric Operating System right from the start, it got the upper hand.

Professional Software like Adobe Creative Suite, Microsoft Office and AutoCAD keep users locked onto Windows. Yes, alternatives like LibreOffice, GIMP and Kdenlive exist. But the reality is: If your job depends on Adobe Premiere Pro, you are not going to switch to Kdenlive just because it is “good enough.” Your workflow, your clients, and your entire professional life are tied to one ecosystem.

The same thing is true for hardware. Computer hardware manufacturers always target the Windows user base first; everything comes later. And even today, many proprietary hardware components lack driver support for GNU/Linux.

So for a user, Windows becomes the only choice, not the best choice, but the only safe choice that guarantees their work gets done.

4. Gaming (Where Perception Lags Behind Reality)

A majority of users use their computers mainly for Gaming. And the gaming industry, too, is very much Windows-focused. Nowadays, after the advent of competitive esports and video game streaming services, the gaming industry has become a billion-dollar industry. Many users aspire to make it big there, and with Windows, they get an assurance that their favourite games and hardware like Graphic Cards, Capture Cards, and Cameras will work right out of the box.

But things have started to change. Now, handheld devices like Steam Deck run GNU/Linux as their default Operating system, and they play thousands of Windows games. Wine and Proton compatibility layer works for more then 80% of Steam’s library. Native GNU/Linux games are also growing in numbers.

But what hasn’t changed is the Perception. Most Gamers still think “GNU/Linux can’t game”. Many Competitive multiplayer anti-cheat systems still do not support Linux.

5. The DIY Philosophy Doesn’t Match What People Want

Do It Yourself is one of the core philosophies of GNU/Linux systems, and most of the time, it does not go well with Windows Users.

Even before someone starts using GNU/Linux, they have to do some prerequisites like backup creation, hardware compatibility checks, tackling the file system differences, etc. But for users who rarely open their Windows Control Panel, it is way too much work. It’s not that Windows users cannot do these things. They just don’t want to do it.

And in today’s modern society, where convenience is the key, people pay extra for pre-assembled furniture, meal kits, and one-click shopping. Why would they bother about computers?

GNU/Linux asks users to invest time upfront to gain freedom and control later. Windows says, ‘just use it, don’t think about it.’ For most people, that trade-off isn’t even close.

6. The Curse of Too Many Choices

Having hundreds of GNU/Linux distros could be an adventure for experienced GNU/Linux users, but for a Windows user who is thinking of making a switch to GNU/Linux, it is a massive puzzle.

Apart from the Distros, there are different Desktop environments, Window Managers, Display Managers, Package Managers, and ways to install a Linux Distribution. These create confusion. For them, having too many options becomes a curse, which eventually keeps them locked to Windows.

The Meta-Reason: Institutional Network Effects

Beyond all the individual reasons, there is one meta-factor that perpetuates Windows dominance:

Everyone else uses Windows, so you have to use Windows as well.

# Businesses Use Windows Because:

• IT departments are trained on Windows
• Enterprise software targets Windows
• Switching costs are enormous

# Individuals Use Windows Because:

• Their workplace uses Windows
• Their family and friends use Windows
• Tech support knows Windows
• Online tutorials assume you are using Windows

This creates a self-reinforcing cycle. Windows dominance perpetuates Windows dominance. Even if GNU/Linux became 10 times better tomorrow, the network effects would still favour Windows.

Why This Won’t Change Or Anytime Soon

We, the GNU/Linux advocates, don’t like to hear this, but the truth is these problems aren’t going away.

# Why and What Would Need to Change for GNU/Linux to Win:

1. GNU/Linux would need to come pre-installed on mainstream PCs, which is very unlikely because manufacturers have Microsoft contracts.

2. Adobe, Autodesk, and Microsoft would need to port their software to GNU/Linux, which won’t happen because there is no financial incentive.

3. The entire professional ecosystem would need to shift, which again won’t happen because corporate structures are very reluctant to make any switch.

Excellence Doesn’t Matter If Nobody Tries It

So why will people keep using Windows despite GNU/Linux being a better alternative?

Because convenience beats quality every time. Because familiarity beats innovation. Because what’s pre-installed beats what’s better. And because “everyone else uses it” beats everything else.

And that’s not changing in 2026. Or probably even 2030.

As much as I wish more people would try GNU/Linux, I’ve accepted this reality: Most people will never overcome their resistance to change. They’ll keep using Windows, not because it’s better, but because switching requires them to care and invest time, which most people simply don’t and won’t.

The tragedy isn’t that GNU/Linux is not winning. The tragedy is that most Windows users will never even know what they are missing.

But that’s human nature. And human nature doesn’t change just because the technology does.

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I am sure you have probably seen the sudden hype around Linux and might be thinking, what is so special about it, let me try it myself. That’s a great instinct. I can bet that you will not just like but love Linux, because it always rewards curious minds.

But few basic oversights that can kill your enthusiasm and send you right back to your old Proprietary Operating System. So lets find what these simple mistakes are, and more importantly, how to avoid them for a perfect Linux experience.

1. Choosing a Linux Distro Based on Hype Instead of Needs

Every new Linux User tries to start their journey by choosing a perfect Linux Distro. And in this process they receive a lot of suggestion like “Use X Distro, this is the best for beginners” or “do not Use Y Distro, this is not for beginners” and the classic “Do not start with a wrong distro.”

But the truth is: There are no perfect or wrong distros, only wrong expectations.

So even before choosing a Linux Distro, ask yourself three simple questions:

• Do I want stability, or new features?
• Do I want an easy start, or maximum control?
• How much time do I have to troubleshoot, if some thing goes wrong?

Linux Distribution lies in multiple categories. Some are targeted towards everyday users, some are for DIY tinkers. Some come with a Desktop environment, some you have to set up manually. Some are known for their stability, some are for bleeding-edge updates. You just have to understand your needs.

Do not chase popularity, look for functionality. While you are using Windows, go to Linux distro Websites, download and try them in Virtual Machines. Even better if you have a spare laptop or PC, install it there and use it for two or three weeks. Try them with different Desktop environments. At the end you will definitely find your best match.

2. Installing Linux Without Checking Hardware Compatibility

Linux has come a long way in terms of hardware support. But that does not mean every component is guaranteed to work out of the box. Even now new proprietary cards, printers and sometime even Laptops bring upon some issues.

Before installing a Linux distro on physical hardware, always try it through Live USB first. If things work perfectly in the Live Environment, you are all good to go. But if they do not, they will certainly not work even after installing.

If the Linux distro does not have a Live environment, you can search the compatibility lists online:

• Linux Hardware Database - Comprehensive hardware compatibility database
• Ubuntu Certified Hardware - Official Ubuntu compatibility list
• Red Hat Certified Hardware Catalogue - Enterprise-grade compatibility testing

You can also search the community forums to see how well a specific model works with Linux. This will not only boost your confidence but prevent you from booting into a malfunctioning system. A little caution will save you from major headaches later.

3. Migrating to Linux Without Backups

This third mistake is purely fuelled by excitement of trying something new, but Installing Linux without a proper backup can be a critical mistake.

It’s easy to treat a Linux installation like a simple app update, but it’s not. You are modifying your hard drive’s partitions. One wrong click, and every important document you own could be gone in an instant.

Make these three steps your first priority before you even touch that ‘Install’ button:

-> Step 1. Cloud Backup for Documents: If you only have a few documents, upload them to your cloud storage. It’s fast and foolproof.

-> Step 2. External Drive for Personal Media: If you have years of personal photos or videos, put them on a physical external drive and unplug it before you start the installation.

-> Step 3. Save Your License Keys: Do not forget to write down your Windows License key and your Microsoft Office key. Because if you decide Linux is not for you, you will need those to get your old life back.

Bonus - Create a Full System Recovery Image of Windows: Whether you’re dual-booting or wiping the whole drive, a backup is not just a “smart move”, it is your only insurance policy against a permanent disaster.

4. Expecting Linux to Work Like Windows

When you start using Linux, you have to understand you are switching to a completely different operating system, with a completely different core philosophy. If you try to hold onto your Windows habits, you will only get frustrated and disappointed.

Linux, the way it looks, the workflow, the file system structure, software management and updates, are fundamentally different than that of Windows.

Key Differences to Understand:

File System Structure: You won’t find a central “C: or D: drive”. Linux uses a Unix-like directory system starting with forward-slash / (which denotes the root directory).

Software Installation: Linux does not use .exe installers. Software is installed centrally through your Software Centre or Package Manager.

Application Philosophy: Instead of saying, “I need Microsoft Word,” say, “I need a word processor.” Instead of worrying about getting the exact same program, embrace open source alternatives like LibreOffice, Krita, or GIMP. Your goal is the objective, not the brand.

Embrace the differences, and you will realise the Linux way is often cleaner, faster, and more efficient.

5. Copy-Pasting Random Commands Without Understanding Them

When troubleshooting issues, Linux community is the biggest asset users have, but not every piece of advice there is up-to-date or safe to use. When you use a command starting with sudo, you are giving that line of code total control over your system.

New users often copy and paste commands from community forums and blog posts without understanding the inner workings. While these tips can sometime solve problems quickly, other times they can delete your entire home folder or break your bootloader in a few seconds. Because Linux commands are very powerful tools, a single wrong command in a wrong directory can be catastrophic. It’s the difference between a working system and a dead one. And worst of all, blindly copy-pasting terminal commands stops you from actually learning Linux.

The Safe Approach:

Never hit “Enter” on a command which you cannot explain. Use these resources:

• ExplainShell - to breaks down exactly what each part of a command does
• AI chatbots - Ask to explain the syntax before executing

Understanding the “What” and “Why” before executing a command not only reduces risk but also builds confidence and deeper knowledge of Linux system. In the long run, it will not only save time and stress but will help you become a skilled Linux user.

6. Not Updating Linux Regularly

In Windows, updates are automatic, forced, and intrusive. But in Linux, you have total control. Your system won’t restart in the middle of important work. For experienced users, this can be liberating, but for new Linux users, it is a double-edged sword. Because updates are not forced in Linux, it is very easy to neglect them completely.

But in the Linux world, updates are not about finding new ways to collect your data; they are your primary defence against security vulnerabilities and the best way to fix bugs before they crash your desktop.

Make This a Weekly Habit:

While most distros will notify you about updating, make a habit of checking for updates once a week. Learn the one command that keeps your specific distro fresh:

• Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

• Fedora:

sudo dnf upgrade

• openSUSE:

sudo zypper update

• Arch:

sudo pacman -Syu

Some distributions also offer automatic security updates, which can help you stay protected without any manual intervention. Check your settings and enable automatic updates if they are available.

Remember, no OS is 100% immune to threats. Keeping your software up to date is the simplest thing you can do to ensure your Linux experience stays stable, fast, and most importantly, secure.

7. Not Understanding the Difference Between Distros and Desktop Environments

One of the biggest sources of confusion for new Linux users is mistaking the desktop environment for the distribution. This misunderstanding leads to unnecessary distro-hopping. And when New users constantly distro hop they remain a perpetual beginner because you never stay in one environment long enough to encounter and solve a real problems.

But in reality most mainstream Linux distros are almost the same under the hood. The biggest visual difference is just the Desktop Environment (DE), which controls how your system looks and feels. So a user won’t have to switch from Ubuntu to Kubuntu, just because they don’t like the UI. All they have to do is install KDE Plasma Desktop Environment on their existing system Ubuntu System.

Instead of chasing a “perfect” distro that doesn’t exist, choose a mainstream, stable distro and commit to it for at least 3-4 months. If you don’t like the look, learn how to customise the Desktop Environment. If a software is missing, learn how to use the Package Manager. If the system breaks, learn how to fix it. Because the true Linux mastery isn’t found in the ISO you download; it is found in the problems you solve by staying put.

8. Giving Up Too Quickly

The eighth and final mistake is the most common one, that is Giving up too quickly. New users often hit one wall, maybe because of a misconfigured setting or a boot error, and they immediately retreat to Windows. But in reality, Windows breaks too. The difference is that when Windows breaks, you are used to it. But when Linux breaks, you blame the OS and quit.

Plus, there are so many online myths and misinformation telling you that Linux is hard to use or that you must know terminal commands. Those days are long gone.

Using Linux and Knowing Linux are two completely different things. Just like you don’t have to be a mechanic to drive a car; you don’t need to be a geek to use Linux for your daily work.

Of course, there is Learning Curve, sure you are going to make mistakes. You might even break your system a few times. But every mistake is a learning experience, and every problem you overcome is something that won’t be an issue the next time you encounter it.

So don’t quit just because Linux is different. Stick with it, solve your problem, and you will be one step closer to mastering it.

Conclusion

Transitioning to Linux is more than just changing your OS; it’s about taking back control of your digital life. Linux is a powerful tool, but like any tool, it’s only as good as the person using it.

Be patient, stay curious, and you will realise that the freedom you get in return is worth every bit of the learning curve. These 8 mistakes account for 90% of failed Linux switches. Avoid them, and you will skip months of frustration.

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But there’s a better way: Debian Live Images. This method lets you test Debian in a fully functional environment before installing, and uses the beginner-friendly Calamares installer instead of the traditional text-based one.

Why Use Live Images Instead of Traditional Installer

There are several benefits of using a Debian Live Image:

1. Risk-Free Testing Environment: A fully-functional demo of the Operating System that runs entirely off a USB stick and your computer’s RAM. When you boot from the live image, you can use it as a normal computer. You can connect to the internet, browse the web, check if your hardware like GPU, WiFi, and Bluetooth works properly or not, and get a genuine feel for the desktop.

2. Better Installer The live images contain the Calamares Installer, which is a distribution-independent installer framework and is more user-friendly than the traditional installer.

3. Desktop Environment Choice Debian live images come in several “flavours”, providing you with the choice to select your favourite desktop environments from the likes of GNOME, KDE, Xfce, Cinnamon and MATE, even before the installation starts.

Getting the Debian Live Installation ISO

Open your web browser and head to the official Debian website at “debian.org”. When you land on the Debian home page, click on “Other Downloads” which is just below the download button. This will take you to the Distribution Download Page. On the right side you will find the section “Try Debian live before installing” and then click “Other Live ISO” which is the fourth option from the left.

Alternatively, go directly to: https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/

On this downloads page, if you scroll down, there are multiple choices. First pick your preferred desktop environment and then download the file that ends with “.iso”.

For most users, the GNOME variant is recommended because that is what is used in Debian by default. The files are around 4 gigabytes, so the download might take a little while.

While the ISO file is downloading, grab a spare USB stick. You will need one that is at least 8 GB, and make sure it is empty or backed up, because this process will completely erase it.

Creating Your Bootable USB Drive

After you have the ISO file, you will need a Bootable Flash Drive Creation tool. One of the easiest tool for this is Ventoy. Visit the Ventoy website to download and install it.

The process for creating a Bootable USB Drive is very simple and can be completed in just a few simple steps:

1. Plug your USB stick into your computer and launch Ventoy

2. The Ventoy Program should automatically detect your USB

3. Double-check that the device selected is your USB stick and not something else (Because it is better safe than sorry)

4. Click on “Install”

5. Once the installation is complete, simply copy and paste the downloaded ISO file onto your newly created Ventoy Bootable USB drive

That’s it.

Booting into the Debian Live Desktop

Restart your computer and when it turns on, start tapping the special key to open the “Boot Menu.” This key varies depending on the motherboard manufacturer, but it is typically one of the Function keys (F12, F2), the Escape key, or the Delete button.

Once the boot menu appears, use your arrow keys to select your USB stick and hit Enter. This will open the Ventoy Boot Screen. First select the Operating System which will be something like “Debian-Live” and then “Boot in normal mode”.

Once you do that the Debian Boot Menu will appear and there you will find multiple option, but for an easy experience, select the First Option, which is “Live System”.

And within a minute or so, you will land on a fully working Debian desktop. Click on the Top Left corner to open the menu bar, and from the Top Right corner, you will be able to access the System Tray. In this Live environment, you can browse the internet, access the file manager, test your Speakers, connect to your WiFi and Bluetooth, and explore the settings as much as you like.

The Installation Process

To install Debian through this Live environment, look for an icon that says “Install Debian” and double-click it. This will launch the Calamares installer. It does not matter which Live desktop environment you are using, whether it is GNOME, KDE, XFCE, or Cinnamon; it’s the same for all of them.

Step 1: Language Selection

In the Welcome screen, the first thing to do is confirm your language. By default, it is American English, but you can change it to your preferred language.

Step 2: Location and Time Zone

Next is Location and Time Zone. The installer should automatically detect your location and Time Zone, but if it is wrong, you can change it by selecting a place on the map.

Step 3: Keyboard Layout Configuration

Then confirm your keyboard layout. Again, by default it will be American English, but you can change it to your own choice.

Step 4: Disk Partitioning

Now comes the most important part: Disk Partitioning. There are two main options:

Option 1: Erase disk (Automatic Partitioning) This is recommended for every beginner because it is the easiest way. However, remember this will wipe your entire hard drive and install Debian on it.

Option 2: Manual Partitioning This gives you total control, but it can be complicated for new users.

Note: You might also see a third option, “Install Alongside,” which is used for dual booting with an existing operating system. For a clean Debian installation, select “Erase disk” and click Next.

Step 5: User Setup

The final step is configuring your username and password. First, enter your name. The username and computer name will be auto-filled. However, you can change them if you want. Then choose your password. Because this will be your user password as well as your root password, make sure it follows strong password rules. Then Click Next.

Step 6: Review and Install

Now review the summary. The installer will show you exactly what it is about to do. Once you have checked it, just click Install and sit back. Let the installer do its job. The Installation process might take between 7 and 8 minutes. When it’s done, the installer will prompt you to restart. Pull out the USB stick, and click Done.

First Boot

Within a few seconds of restarting, you will be at the login screen of your brand-new, permanent Debian installation. Your Username will be automatically captured, so enter the password you just created, and you will be inside one of the most stable and reliable operating systems available.

Conclusion

Installing Debian using Live Images removes the intimidation factor of the traditional installer. You get to test your hardware compatibility, explore the desktop environment, and install using a modern graphical installer.

This method is perfect for beginners who want Debian’s legendary stability without wrestling with a complex installation process. Whether you’re switching from Windows, trying Linux for the first time, or just want a reliable system that respects your freedom, Debian with Live Images is an excellent starting point.

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If you’re new to the world of FOSS, here is what you need to know: Zorin OS is designed specifically for Windows and MacOS users who want to make the switch. It looks familiar, runs faster, is more secure and is completely free. Zorin OS 18 is based on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, runs on Linux kernel 6.14, features a customised version of GNOME 46 desktop environment and comes with 5 years of support until 2029.

This guide will show you how to install Zorin OS 18 properly, whether you want to test it safely in VirtualBox or install it directly on your hardware. Both methods are covered in detail below.

Step 1: Download Zorin OS 18 ISO

The first step in this process is to download the Zorin OS 18 Core Edition installation ISO. Go to “zorin.com” and click the blue Download button, which will take you to Zorin OS’s Main Downloads page. There you’ll see four editions:

-> Zorin OS Pro - Costs $48, comes with extra features and support

-> Zorin OS Core - Free, best choice for everyday use (recommended for this guide)

-> Zorin OS Education - For students and schools

-> Zorin OS Lite - For older, low-resource computers

Click Download on Core Edition. It will ask you to provide your email address and subscribe to the Zorin OS newsletter, but you can skip this and proceed to the ISO download. The file is about 3GB, so it may take a few minutes to download.

Step 2.1: VirtualBox Installation (Safe Testing)

If you want to test Zorin OS 18 without touching your current system, use VirtualBox.

Open VirtualBox and click New. First, name your Virtual Machine (for example, “Zorin18VM”). Leave the Virtual Machine Folder as the default. Select your downloaded ISO from the dropdown menu.

Then, jump to “Specify Virtual Hardware” and allocate resources. To get the best result, allocate half of your system resources.

Next is “Specify Virtual Hard Disk”. Here, leave everything as default, but increase the Hard Disk space to at least 50 GB if you plan to install apps and games. Then click Finish, and your VM is ready. Now, click Start to boot it.

Step 2.2: Bootable USB Creation (Physical Installation)

If you are ready to install Zorin OS 18 on real hardware, you will need a bootable USB.

Ventoy is recommended because it’s simple and reusable. Open Ventoy, and your USB drive will be auto-detected. Just re-verify it, and click Install. Once done, simply copy-paste the Zorin OS ISO onto the USB drive. That’s it.

Now restart your PC and boot from the USB drive through your BIOS boot menu (usually F12, F2, or Del at startup).

Step 3: The Installation Process

If you are using VirtualBox, the Zorin boot screen will appear immediately. If you are installing Zorin OS through a bootable USB, then first select the Operating System and then “Boot in normal mode.”

In the Zorin boot screen, there are three options:

1. Try or Install Zorin OS - Recommended for most users

2. Safe graphics mode - If you have display issues

3. Try or Install with NVIDIA drivers - Only if you have an NVIDIA Graphic Card

Select the appropriate option and press Enter. The installer will then do a filesystem check, but you can skip this by pressing Ctrl+C, and then it will load the installer.

Step 3.1: Welcome Screen

Like all Ubuntu-based distros, Zorin uses the Ubiquity Installer. On its welcome screen, there are three options:

-> On the Left side: Language selection

-> In the centre: Try Zorin OS - To test Zorin OS 18 before installing

-> On the Right side: Install Zorin OS - To start the installation process immediately

If you want to explore first, click Try or quit the welcome screen. Otherwise, click Install to begin installation.

Step 3.2: Live Environment (Optional)

If you choose Try Zorin OS then it will launch the Live environment, where you can browse the internet, change desktop layouts, themes and all sorts of things. And to again start the installation process, launch the installer from the top left corner.

Step 3.3: Language Selection

In the Installation Process, the first thing to do is choose your preferred language from the list. The language you select here will become your system’s default language.

Step 3.4: Keyboard Layout Configuration

Next, select your preferred keyboard layout. For example, American English works for standard English layout keyboards. If you are unsure, click “Detect Keyboard Layout”. It will ask you to press a few keys. Follow the prompts, and it will detect your keyboard layout automatically.

Step 3.5: Updates & Software

The first two options here are pre-selected:

-> Download updates while installing - Keep this checked if you want a fully up-to-date system upon installation

-> Install third-party software and drivers - Keep this checked for better hardware support

The final option is the Zorin OS census. If you want to support Zorin with anonymous usage data, leave it unchecked. If you do not want to share your data, check the box.

Step 3.6: Installation Type

For beginners, the default first option, “Erase disk and install Zorin OS”, is the best choice. It will auto-partition everything. For VirtualBox users, this only erases the virtual disk; your real system is completely safe. For physical installations, double-check the drive you are selecting, because this will erase everything on it.

If you are dual-booting or want custom partitions, choose “Something else” But for most users, automatic partitioning works perfectly. Additionally, if you prefer to encrypt your disk or use Logical Volume Management, you’ll find these options in “Advanced features”.

Click Install Now. The installer will create a swap partition and a boot partition automatically, and you can continue.

Step 3.7: Location and Time Zone

The installer should automatically detect your location and Time Zone. If it’s wrong, you can change it either by selecting a place on the map or by typing the name of the location in the search bar.

Step 3.8: User Setup

The final step is configuring your username and password. First, enter your name. The username and computer name will be auto-filled. However, you can change them if you want.

Then choose your password. Because this will be your user password as well as your root password, make sure it follows strong password rules.

Click Continue.

Step 3.9: Installation

After completing the setup, the installer will copy files and configure your system. This takes about 10-15 minutes.

Once done, click Restart. If you are using a USB, it will prompt you to remove the drive. Do it, and with that, the Zorin OS 18 installation will be complete.

Step 4: First Boot

Post-installation, when you restart your System, the GDM login screen will appear. Your username will be automatically captured, so just enter your password and you’re in. Welcome to a newly installed Zorin OS 18 Core Edition!

If you have installed Zorin OS on physical hardware, you are all set. Explore the desktop, install apps from the Software store, and enjoy your new system.

If you have installed Zorin OS on VirtualBox, then installing Guest Additions is recommended for better performance, shared folders, and seamless mouse/keyboard integration.

Conclusion

The installation of Zorin OS 18 is a straightforward and beginner-friendly process, making it an excellent choice for those switching from Windows or MacOS.

With 5 years of support until 2029, a polished GNOME 46 desktop, and compatibility with older hardware, Zorin OS 18 represents one of the best entry points into the GNU/Linux world.

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Yes, Zorin OS 18 has arrived. For those new to the world of GNU/Linux, Zorin OS is a famous GNU/Linux-based Free and Open Source alternative to Windows and MacOS designed to make your computer faster, more powerful, secure, and privacy-respecting.

Zorin OS 18, which is based on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, is designed to be the perfect Windows and MacOS replacement for everyday users, professionals, and everyone in between. Thanks to its ease of use and powerful features, Zorin OS has earned wide critical acclaim throughout the years.

Zorin OS is a highly optimised operating system and can work on computers as old as 15 years. That means you can keep using your PC, which is not supported by Microsoft Windows, for longer, and save money on upgrades and reduce e-waste to help the environment.

You can download and use the Zorin Core edition completely free of cost, and if you need more advanced features, additional apps, and support, you can purchase Zorin OS Pro for 48$ or Equivalent in other currencies. And this newer version will receive software updates and security patches until at least June 2029. Not only this, Zorin Group also release major versions of their Operating System, every 2 years, so you will have plenty of time to upgrade to future versions to extend the support.

Zorin OS’s Official Website And ISO Download Process

Zorin OS has a Clean and Minimal Official Website, meaning it is very easy to navigate. And the downloading process for the Zorin OS installation ISO is also very easy. As soon as you land on their website, the homepage features a bold blue-coloured download button for the latest release. The site also includes Help and Support Section, Blog Section, and at the bottom, some more Important Links and Information.

To get the Zorin OS 18 installation ISO, click on that blue-coloured download button, which takes you to the Main Downloads page. Here, you’ll find options to download your preferred edition of Zorin OS from the List. The first option is Zorin OS Pro, made for advanced users, followed by Zorin OS Core for everyday users, Zorin OS Education Edition made for students, and finally, at the bottom of the page, Zorin OS Lite edition, designed especially for older low-resource computers. If required, you can also download older versions of Zorin OS from the Zorin OS archive.

Once you click the download button, it will ask for your email address to subscribe to the Zorin OS newsletter, but you can skip it and proceed to your ISO download. After the downloading process is completed, create a Bootable USB drive using programs like Rufus or Ventoy, and boot into the Live USB drive.

Installation Experience

The installation of Zorin OS 18 is a fairly simple and beginner-friendly process. When you boot into the Live USB, there’s the option to try and install the Operating system through a fully functional Live environment, which allows you to explore, experiment, and test the system without making any changes to your hard drive. Additionally, Zorin OS provides a separate option to install your system with modern NVIDIA drivers.

Like most Ubuntu-based distros, in Zorin OS 18, the actual installation process is managed by the Ubiquity installer, a simple tool that only requires answering seven basic questions, like language selection, keyboard layout, disk partitioning, user creation, and a few others. Once these are set, the installation proceeds quickly and efficiently. In testing, the total time taken from the start of the installation to first login was between 10 and 11 minutes, making it one of the fastest and smoothest GNU/Linux installation experiences.

Out-of-the-Box Experience with the Default Desktop Environment & User Interface

Zorin OS 18 now comes with an updated Linux kernel version 6.14, and a beautifully customised version of GNOME 46 Desktop Environment.

The visual design of Zorin OS 18 is very simple yet appealing. It mimics the Windows 7 and Windows 10 themes but with a Linux touch and without any bloatware. The icons, themes, and fonts are all very well-chosen and consistent.

The User interface is very easy to navigate. Zorin OS 18 handles common tasks like connecting to Wi-Fi, managing files, or adjusting display settings in a very straightforward manner. New users coming especially from a Microsoft Windows background will be able to adapt to the Linux world in no time. New users can easily find what they are looking for and need without much hassle or searching.

Software & Package Management in Zorin OS 18

Zorin OS 18, out of the box, comes with all the essential apps you need, so you can get working right away after installation. For day-to-day tasks, there’s the Nautilus File Manager, GNOME Text Editor, a Clock App, Calculator App, Weather App, Image Viewer App, Music and Video Player, and a CD/DVD Ripper and Burner.

For Office tasks, Zorin OS comes pre-installed with the LibreOffice suite, along with a document scanner and viewer, which lets you view, create, and edit different document formats. Then there is the Evolution Email Client for sending and receiving Emails, and Gnome’s Contact and Calendar app for improved Productivity.

In the internet section, there’s Brave as the default Browser, Remmina Remote access client, and a Web App Creator.

In the Utility section, you get the network configurator, a backup application, Drive and Partition Manager, Archive Manager, Password Manager, and a Terminal Emulator.

Additionally, there’s the Zorin Appearance tool, which lets you change the desktop layout to feel like the environment you’re familiar with, whether it’s Windows, MacOS, or Linux.

Then there is the Zorin Connect App, which is integrated into the Zorin OS desktop to merge the experience between your computer and Android device. It works over an encrypted connection on your local network, so your data stays private and doesn’t reach the cloud.

Not only this, but Zorin OS comes with built-in Software updater, OS Updater and a Graphical Software store with which you can install thousands of apps from the Zorin OS Repo, Debian/Ubuntu APT Repo, Flathub Repo, and the Snap Store. You can even run many Windows apps in Zorin OS with Windows App Support, which lets you install Windows-only apps through the Wine Compatibility layer, and if you install Zorin OS alongside Windows, you can access the files on your Windows drive partition from within Zorin OS.

And for gamers, Zorin OS comes pre-configured with NVIDIA, AMD, and Intel graphics drivers as well as game optimisations, so you can get great performance right out of the box.

New included Features in Zorin OS 18

With a rounded, modern design and floating panel, Zorin OS 18 has brought a stunning visual refresh to an already well-built Operating System. The new advanced window tiling manager makes multitasking effortless — you just have to drag windows to arrange them instantly.

The built-in Web Apps tool turns any website into a desktop app, letting you run Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, and Google Docs seamlessly. OneDrive integration is now built in, making file access easy for Windows migrants.

Zorin OS now detects over 170 Windows app installers and suggests better alternatives. Two new Yellow and Brown colour themes expand the customisation options. Performance improvements make everything faster and more responsive. Windows App Support is upgraded with Wine 10, running more Windows software than ever.

With enhanced audio via PipeWire, new wallpapers, and expanded hardware compatibility, Zorin OS 18 is the most polished release yet.

Performance, Stability & Hardware Usage

Zorin OS 18 always feels very Snappy, Smooth, and stable. Applications launch quickly, and there’s rarely any lag while multitasking. During testing, there were no crashes, glitches, or bugs experienced. At idle, the average system load always stays under 1% and the Memory usage lies between 950-1000 MB. The Boot-up and shutdown timings of Zorin OS are also quite fast; on a fresh virtual machine install, it boots up within 10 seconds and shuts down in just 5 seconds, proving how efficient it really is.

Community & Support System of Zorin OS

Unlike other popular Linux Distros, Zorin OS does not have comprehensive official documentation or wikis. But it has an active and friendly community forum where users can easily get help and solve their issues.

Conclusion

So what makes Zorin OS 18 special? It is built specifically as a Windows replacement that actually feels familiar. The Zorin Appearance tool lets you switch between different desktop layouts instantly, and Windows App Support means you can even run Windows software. It is Polished, fast, beginner-friendly, and works great on even 15-year-old hardware. Everything you need is pre-installed, and you get support until 2029.

Therefore, Zorin OS 18 is perfect for beginners, casual users, and even professionals who want a dependable, modern desktop OS without diving deep into Linux internals. It’s ideal for people switching from Windows 10 or MacOS, for schools and small offices that need stability, and even for gamers who want an easy out-of-the-box setup.

In the end, Zorin OS 18 represents the very best of what a “ready-to-use” GNU/Linux system can be — polished, private, and practical. It’s a distribution that proves you don’t need to sacrifice simplicity for power, or familiarity for freedom.

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The comment made an important point:

This observation became the central question for this article: What would computing look like if Windows operated under the same free and open-source principles as GNU/Linux?

October 14, 2025: The End Of an Era

On October 14, 2025, an era of personal computing has come to an end. The Windows 10 operating system is officially dead. Not because it stopped working or computers cannot handle it, but because Microsoft decided to end support.

This is not a technical decision, but a corporate one. A decision that instantly turns millions of perfectly working pieces of hardware and personal computers into e-waste. And the irony is striking: Microsoft chose October 14th, 2025, the same day the world observes International E-Waste Day. A day when the world is trying to recycle for sustainability.

This raises a compelling question: What if Windows were built on the philosophy of Free and Open-Source Software?

Imagining an Open-Source Windows

No. 1 - Windows with the Freedom to Use and Study

If the source code of Windows Operating Systems had been open, volunteers could have simply removed the restrictive requirements, like the TPM 2.0 lockout that blocks older PCs from upgrading. Users wouldn’t have to “hack” their way around an installer. It would have been legitimate, supported, and transparent. Just like in GNU/Linux, where various communities maintain compatibility with older systems long after official vendors stop supporting them.

No. 2: Windows with the Freedom to Modify and Redistribute

When Microsoft announced the 2025 end-of-life for Windows 10, the community would have stepped in. A group of developers and volunteers might have created a fork, maybe called Windows Freedom Edition, or Windows Libre, or even OpenWindows. They would have picked up development from where Microsoft left off. Just like what happened with Mandriva, which became Mageia and OpenMandriva. Or CentOS, which became AlmaLinux and Rocky Linux when their corporate parents moved on. The community took over, and that’s the magic of Free Software: When a project dies, the code lives on, and it rises again from the community.

The Ripple Effect

If Microsoft had open-sourced Windows decades ago, the entire landscape of computing might have been different. Schools, offices, and small businesses could have safely used PCs for years. Developers could have fixed bugs faster than Microsoft could ever imagine. Specialised forks of Windows could have existed, all community-driven and user-respecting. And Microsoft could have still profited by offering enterprise support, cloud services, and consulting, just like how Red Hat or SUSE do today. They could have earned trust and provided value, rather than locking down code.

Alternatively, Linux might not have existed in its current form. Or perhaps it would have evolved into something entirely different, competing on pure merit rather than necessity.

The Reality: Microsoft’s Position on Open Source

But let’s come back to reality for a moment. The question remains: Would Microsoft ever actually do this?

The answer is complicated. Back in the early 2000s, Bill Gates famously called open source “a cancer.” But by 2015, things shifted dramatically. Mark Russinovich, CTO of Microsoft Azure, said something remarkable: “We would not rule out the notion that Windows might go open source. In fact, it is definitely possible.”

So Microsoft has acknowledged the possibility. Under the leadership of Satya Nadella, Microsoft proved they were willing to open-source some of their biggest projects. They released the .NET Software Framework as open source. Visual Studio Code, one of the most popular code editors in the world, is open source. So, the capability is there. The possibility exists. Microsoft has already walked this path with other products.

The Real Obstacle: Profit Over Principle

But here’s the catch: Microsoft knows that Windows Operating Systems, along with the MS Office Suite, are its two biggest cash cows. They generate enormous revenue not just from licensing, but from telemetry, data collection, targeted advertising, and so on. They have hundreds of millions of locked-in customers. Open-sourcing Windows would mean losing control over that ecosystem.

And sadly, the world we are dreaming about does not exist. Every model I previously mentioned already works, just not for Microsoft Windows. As a result, Windows is still proprietary software. Which means Microsoft has control, and for Microsoft, control is more valuable than innovation or sustainability.

This “End of Support” cycle is not their technical limitation. It is a business model designed to keep users dependent, to sell new hardware, and to collect more data. This is not the first time this has happened, and it won’t be the last.

The Real Alternative: Free and Open-Source Systems

But like Windows 10, not everything is lost; there is still good news. The freedom we imagined already exists. This longevity, this transparency, this sustainability — it is the reality of GNU/Linux and the Free and Open Source world.

In the real world, Microsoft’s philosophy is about controlling its users. FOSS is all about empowering them. You don’t have to dream of a “FOSS Windows.” You can use a real Free and Open-Source operating system today — that respects you, your hardware, and your freedom.

What’s Your Take on This

Just like European Union users forced Microsoft to provide one year of Extended Support, will Microsoft ever be forced to make a version of Windows that’s truly open source? Or will they continue prioritising profit over sustainability? These are questions worth considering as we move forward in the digital age.

The philosophy of free and open-source software has proven itself through decades of innovation, community support, and genuine user empowerment. Whether Microsoft will ever embrace this philosophy remains to be seen, but the alternative is already here and waiting.

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Your computer, the one that works perfectly fine today, will be a security liability tomorrow. Not because it stopped working or broke down, but because Microsoft decided so! And it’s not the first time Microsoft has done this. They killed Windows XP when 70% of the world was using it. Then it happened with Windows 7, then Windows 8.1, and now Windows 10. I don’t think it will be the last. This is a never-ending cycle of greed, the true face of monopoly.

And look at the irony! Microsoft chose October 14th, 2025, a date that perfectly coincides with International E-Waste Day. According to Canalys, a leading technology research and advisory group, Microsoft is actively pushing an estimated 240 million PCs into premature obsolescence. The Public Interest Research Group (PIRG) suggested an even higher number, estimating that 400 million actively used systems will go into the e-waste pile on the very day the world is trying to recycle.

I’ve been on this journey since 2023. It’s the very reason I switched to Linux and started writing about free and open source software. My move to Linux was forced by the TPM 2.0 requirement for Windows 11. I refused to dump my perfectly good hardware just to satisfy Microsoft’s new hardware mandate. And you don’t have to either. Your older hardware is still viable. You just need something that respects its longevity.

So, here are your options, broken down from worst to best:

1. The Risky Workarounds

1.1 - Do Nothing and Go Offline

The easiest and simplest thing you can do is, Do Nothing. Just because Microsoft is killing Windows 10 support doesn’t mean your computer suddenly stops working. Even today, more than 10 percent of Windows users are running obsolete versions like Windows 8.1, 7, and XP. So you can definitely keep using Windows 10, but the moment you connect to the internet, you’re exposed. You might think, Why would anyone bother to attack me? But in this day and age, everything on the internet is a target. So this cannot be a long-term solution, unless you’re only using your PC for word processing.

1.2 - Install an Unofficial Windows 11 Version

Next option, which I do not recommend, is to install an unofficial version of Windows 11. Yes, tools do exist to bypass the TPM check. But these are unofficial installs that Microsoft actively discourages. Even if you succeed in installing an unofficial Windows 11, Microsoft clearly states you won’t receive security updates. You would have to run these versions with disabled security features, potentially making your system even more unstable and vulnerable.

1.3 - Buy and Use Third-Party Security Patches

Then there are a few companies which are promoting that they’ll release security patches for Windows 10, but here is the catch: you’ll have to blindly trust an unknown company and the code they’re sending to your system. In my opinion, third-party patches are just a gamble with your system’s security. If anything goes wrong, there will be no one to blame but yourself.

2. The Temporary Fix: Microsoft’s Paid Solution

After a lot of backlash, especially in Europe, Microsoft was forced to offer one year of Extended Security Updates in the European Union and European Economic Area free of cost! This is a huge win for those users, but it’s a paid, temporary fix for everyone else, which confirms this whole situation is only about profit, not security. Microsoft announced they’ll provide customers the option to receive security updates for Computers enrolled in the Extended Security Updates Program, but only for a maximum of three years. You can enrol in ESU in one of three ways:

No. 1 - A one-time purchase of $30 USD or equivalent in local currency, plus applicable tax.

No. 2 - Redeem 1,000 Microsoft Rewards points, which most people don’t have.

No. 3 - At no additional cost if you’re syncing your PC settings, which means your files, themes, settings for installed apps, and Wi-Fi information. And we all know for what purpose Microsoft wants your personal information.

These Extended Security Updates are just a way to delay the inevitable.

3. The Hybrid Approach: Use Both Windows And Linux

3.1 - Use Windows 10 with a Linux Virtual Machine (or Vice Versa)

Through a Hybrid method, you can keep using your Windows 10 system as is, but you should never use it for any online activity. Instead, use a Linux virtual machine for all your browsing, banking, and online tasks. Or you can do the opposite: run a completely offline Windows 10 as a virtual machine inside a Linux host. This way, you contain the security risk, as the Linux host becomes your shield.

3.2 - Dual Boot Linux with an Offline Windows 10

Or else you can dual-boot a Linux distro with an offline Windows 10; the same principle applies here too, where you’ll use Linux for all your online activities like browsing and banking, and use Windows 10 to run Windows-only applications in offline mode.

4. The Permanent Fix: Fully Migrate to Linux

This final option is my official recommendation, which is fully migrating to a Linux-based system. I understand that a few days isn’t much time to learn a new operating system, but it is certainly enough to install a modern, secure, and free one. Linux is actively maintained, runs faster and better on older hardware, and gives you free security updates for as long as your system lives, no planned obsolescence, no artificial limitations.

With Linux, you’re not just buying time; you’re buying your freedom.

Take Action Now

This deadline is indeed a security threat, but it’s also an invitation to a better world of computing. If you want to know exactly how easy it is to make the switch and which Linux distro is right for you, explore the resources available on this site about getting started with Linux.

Remember, Microsoft doesn’t own your computer; you do. Don’t throw away your PC on International E-Waste Day. Migrate to Linux.

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Linux Mint work flawlessly right out of the box on both desktop and laptop computers. And it comes fully equipped with a carefully chosen set of applications that cover the needs of most users. Linux Mint deliver a modern, elegant, and comfortable operating system that strikes the perfect balance between power and simplicity. It’s designed to be intuitive for newcomers while still offering flexibility and depth for experienced users.

In early September of 2025, Linux Mint added a new chapter with the release of version 22.2, codenamed “Zara.”. This is a Long-Term Support release, built on the rock-solid foundation of Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and it will receive updates and official support until 2029, making it a safe and reliable choice for the years ahead.

Official Website And ISO Download Process

The official website is clean, elegant, and simple to navigate, making it beginner-friendly from the very first click. The download section, the about section and other important information and links are neatly organised, meaning visitors will be able to find whatever they are looking for very easily.

The downloading process for the Linux Mint installation ISO is a cakewalk as always, because as soon as you land on their website, the first thing you will see is the bold “Download” button of the Latest release. And when you click on that “Download“ button, it will take you to the Main Downloads page, where you can choose Linux Mint with your preferred Desktop environment. Linux Mint officially offers three different editions, namely Cinnamon, Xfce and Mate, who has their own respective Download page, Features page and Release Note page.

Again, clicking these respective download buttons will take you to their separate Download page, where you can download the ISO via torrent or through their official download mirrors. After the downloading process is completed. All you have to do is create a Bootable USB drive, using programs like Rufus or Ventoy, and boot into the Live USB drive.

By the way, one important detail to note is that Linux Mint only support 64-bit hardware, so you cannot install it on a 32-bit machine.

Installation Experience

The installation of Linux Mint Zara is a fairly simple and beginner-friendly process, which is consistent across all three editions. It begins with a fully functional Live environment, which allows you to explore, experiment, and test the system without making any changes to your hard drive.

The actual installation process is managed by the Ubiquity installer, a simple tool that only requires you to answer seven basic questions, like language selection, keyboard layout, disk partitioning, user creation, disk encryption, and a few others. Once these are set, the installation proceeds quickly and efficiently.

In fact, no matter which edition you choose, Linux Mint Zara typically installs in just 8 to 9 minutes, making it one of the fastest and smoothest installation experiences among desktop Linux distributions.

Out-of-the-Box Experience with Desktop Environment & User Interface

Linux Mint 22.2 is available in three editions: Cinnamon, a homegrown but flagship desktop environment; and Mate and Xfce, both slightly customised by the Mint team for a consistent experience.

Visually, all three editions look simple yet elegant and appealing. The icons, themes, and fonts are all consistent, well-chosen and complement each other very well.

The user interface is intuitive and beginner-friendly, making everyday tasks like connecting to the internet, managing files, adjusting display settings, or changing the desktop background effortless. The Start Menu is well-organised into categories across all editions, so even new users, especially those switching from Windows, can quickly find what they need, without any confusion or hassle.

Software, Package & Update Management

Linux Mint Zara comes preinstalled with a wide range of useful applications. Like Celluloid, for watching videos and movies, Firefox, for securely surfing the web, LibreOffice, for productivity tasks, and Web Apps, for turning any website into a desktop application.

For additional software, Linux Mint offers a fast, reliable, and well-stocked Software Manager. It also supports modern universal packaging formats like Flatpak and AppImage. And as Linux Mint is based on Debian and Ubuntu, it also provides support for the “apt“ package manager, meaning you will have one of the largest libraries of software that you will ever need.

Plus, the built-in Update Manager in Linux Mint makes maintaining your system effortless, where, in a few clicks, you can update and upgrade the system, take snapshot backups, or even change your system’s kernel.

New Included Features

Linux Mint 22.2 has introduced several refinements and fresh features. It now ships with Linux kernel 6.14, along with an improved login screen with blur effects and user avatars. The Sticky Notes app has been redesigned with rounded corners for a cleaner look. Hypnotix now supports Theatre Mode and Borderless Mode for distraction-free viewing, along with performance boosts. A completely new XApp called Fingwit enables fingerprint authentication for login, running sudo commands, and accessing admin apps. Under the hood, LibAdwaita now works seamlessly with theming and is supported by Mint-Y, Mint-X, and Mint-L themes. The XDG Desktop Portal XApp introduced support for accent colours, which is consistent across Cinnamon, MATE, and Xfce editions. On top of this, XApps and artwork received multiple improvements for an overall polished experience.

Performance, Stability & Hardware Usage

Linux Mint Zara, like its predecessors, feels very Snappy, Smooth, and stable. Applications launch quickly, and you will rarely feel any lag while multitasking. And I have never experienced any crashes, glitches, or bugs during my testing.

The Boot-up and shutdown timings are also quite fast; on a fresh virtual machine install, all the Linux Mint editions boot up within 8 seconds and shut down in just 6 seconds.

At idle, the average system load, in all three editions, stays under 1% and the Memory usage in the Cinnamon Edition hovers between 750-760 MB, in the Mate Edition it is between 690-700 MB and in the Xfce Edition it lies between 650-660 MB, proving how efficient and lightweight Linux Mint really is.

Community & Support

The official Linux Mint documentation is both comprehensive and easy to follow, which is divided into five sections. Namely - Installation Guide, User Guide, Troubleshooting Guide, Developer Guide, and Translation Guide. In addition, the project maintains a strong presence on platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Mastodon, and GitHub, where users can share problems and find solutions.

And complementing this, Linux Mint has its large and vibrant global community, supported by numerous smaller local groups around the world. On top of that, official spaces like the Linux Mint Forum, Subreddit, Discord server, and IRC channels make it easy to connect with other users, ask questions, and receive timely support.

So, Who is Linux Mint Intended For?

Linux Mint is a user-friendly Linux distribution known for its simplicity, stability, and out-of-the-box experience. It comes bundled with essential software, multimedia codecs, and powerful tools like Update Manager, Timeshift Backup Manager, and a Driver Manager, making it an excellent choice for beginners and everyday users.

Featuring three different desktop environments, which all provide a familiar, Windows-like interface, Linux Mint ensures that users transitioning from other operating systems can quickly adapt without a steep learning curve.

While Linux Mint prioritises stability over bleeding-edge updates, its strong global community, rich documentation, and customisable desktop make it a reliable choice for both newcomers and experienced users.

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